FEBRILE INFANT ALGORITHM

 

 

Age:

0 – 28 days + Temp > 38º  C

29 days – 3 mo. + Temp > 38º C

3 mo. – 3 years + Temp > 38º C – Non-toxic

3 mo. – 3 years + Temp > 38º C - Toxic

 

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0 – 28 Days:

Full septic workup and hospitalization.  Consider parenteral antibiotics.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

29 Days – 3 Months

Consider Rochester low risk criteria:

·        Healthy, full term infant

·        no previous antibiotic use

·        no focus of infection on exam

·        WBC 5,000 – 15,000

·        urine unspun < 10 WBC’s per HPF

·        if diarrhoea, < 5 fecal leucocytes per HPF

Criteria met

Any criterion not met

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Allow home with close followup

Some would do LP first

Single IM dose of Ceftriaxone

Followup in 24-48 hr or sooner if change in status

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Full septic workup and hospitalization. 

Consider parenteral antibiotics.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3 Months to 3 Years – Non-toxic

Temperature 39º C or more

No

Yes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3 Months to 3 Years:

Temp 38º C - 39º C

No diagnostic tests or antibiotics

Acetaminophen 15 mg/kg q4h prn

Review if fever > 48 hr or if clinical condition deteriorates.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3 Months to 3 Years – Temp >39º C or Toxic

Urinalysis and culture

·        All females < 24 months

·        All uncircumcised males < 12 months

·        All circumcised males < 6 months

Management can vary depending on vaccine status.

Some sources still proceed with path 2 regardless of vaccine status.

  1. If over 6 months and has had 3 doses each of Hib and PCV7 vaccine
  2. If under 6 months or has not had 3 doses each of Hib and PCV7 vaccine

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Urinalysis and culture only.  No routine blood work

Acetaminophen

Careful followup in 24-48 hr or sooner if clinical status changes.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Urinalysis and culture

CBC

Blood culture (some sources do only if WBC>15000)

CXR if WBC > 20,000

Antibiotic if WBC > 15,000

Followup in 24-48 hours

  1. If blood culture positive admit for parenteral antibiotics and sepsis evaluation.
  2. If urine culture positive and ill admit for parenteral antibiotics